{"id":83536,"date":"2024-07-01T14:00:56","date_gmt":"2024-07-01T12:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/microcontrollers-what-are-they-and-what-are-they-used-for\/"},"modified":"2026-04-08T10:55:16","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T08:55:16","slug":"microcontrollers-what-are-they-and-what-are-they-used-for","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/microcontrollers-what-are-they-and-what-are-they-used-for\/","title":{"rendered":"Microcontrollers &#8211; What are they and what are they used for?"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading time:<\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">min.<\/span><\/span>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"83536\" class=\"elementor elementor-83536 elementor-75392\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-240e353 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"240e353\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f763b0a\" data-id=\"f763b0a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1daa93e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1daa93e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Do you want to understand the principles behind modern electronics? Start with microcontrollers &#8211; small chips that are the brains of many devices. This article will explain to you what microcontrollers are, how they can be programmed and what projects they are used in. Dive into the fascinating world of electronics now! Be sure to read to the end!<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ed8c6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ed8c6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Microcontrollers - how are they built?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-fe0be60 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fe0be60\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-13be19e\" data-id=\"13be19e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1821936 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1821936\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/22-microcontrollers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><strong>Microcontrollers <\/strong><\/a>are small but powerful chips that are the basis of many technological innovations. The centerpiece of any microcontroller is an <strong>integrated<\/strong> circuit (IC), also known as a processor, or in more technological language, <strong>a central processing unit<\/strong> (CPU). The CPU is the brain of the microcontroller, controlling all its functions and processes. It allows interpreting and executing software instructions, processing data and managing other components.<\/p><p>Another key component of the microcontroller is <strong>memory<\/strong>. It is where programs and data that the CPU must process are stored.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4cb8fff\" data-id=\"4cb8fff\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db3ff44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"db3ff44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/01264_1a.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"01264_1a\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODMxMDEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib3RsYW5kLnN0b3JlXC9ibG9nXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI0XC8wNlwvMDEyNjRfMWEuanBnIn0%3D\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"578\" src=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/01264_1a-1024x740.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-83101\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/01264_1a-1024x740.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/01264_1a-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/01264_1a-768x555.jpg 768w, https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/01264_1a.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">AVR microcontroller - ATmega328P-U DIP.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e59c05 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7e59c05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/avr-in-tnt-cases\/1264-avr-microcontroller-atmega328p-u-dip-5903351249928.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">CHECK<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-578bc90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"578bc90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Memory is divided into two main sections: <span style=\"font-weight: bolder;\">RAM<\/span> for temporary data storage and <span style=\"font-weight: bolder;\">ROM<\/span> for permanent program storage. The microcontroller architecture is designed to maximize CPU and memory efficiency, enabling the device to perform complex tasks quickly and efficiently. These two key components &#8211; CPU and memory &#8211; work together to form the basis for the ubiquity of microcontrollers in our daily lives.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03264d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"03264d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Programming of microcontrollers - how to get started?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65302d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65302d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Programming<a href=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/22-microcontrollers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><strong> microcontrollers <\/strong><\/a>is an extremely important process that allows us to use the full capabilities of these small but powerful chips. Programming is nothing more than instructing a microcontroller what to do, from simple functions like controlling LED displays to complex applications like controlling an entire network of devices in a smart home.<\/p><p><strong>Development environments<\/strong> for microcontrollers vary, but they all have the same basic function &#8211; to translate human-understandable programming languages into machine language, which microcontrollers use to execute our commands.<\/p><p><strong>The most common programming languages<\/strong> used to program microcontrollers are <strong>C and C++<\/strong>, although many microcontrollers also support <strong>Assembler, Java, Python<\/strong> or <strong>JavaScript<\/strong>.<\/p><p>The choice of programming language depends on the specific project, the capabilities of the microcontroller and the experience of the programmer. One thing is certain: understanding the process of programming microcontrollers is the next step to fully mastering the fascinating world of electronics!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2f255b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d2f255b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Examples of microcontroller applications<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55ce260 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55ce260\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Examples of applications<a href=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/22-microcontrollers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><strong> of microcontrollers <\/strong><\/a>demonstrate the diverse capabilities of these small but extremely powerful devices. From home electronics to advanced industrial systems, microcontrollers contribute to making our daily lives or work easier. For example, they are at the heart of all kinds of consumer equipment such as televisions, washing machines and air conditioners, where they control everything from temperature regulation to motor speed control.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-34e2be3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"34e2be3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fb7c110\" data-id=\"fb7c110\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b434860 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b434860\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/botland.com.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/00079_2.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"00079_2\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODMxMTMsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib3RsYW5kLnN0b3JlXC9ibG9nXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI0XC8wNlwvMDAwNzlfMi5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"547\" src=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/00079_2-1024x700.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-83113\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/00079_2-1024x700.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/00079_2-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/00079_2-768x525.jpg 768w, https:\/\/botland.store\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/00079_2.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The size of microcontrollers is often very small.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a83f35 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4a83f35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/avr-smd\/79-avr-microcontroller-atmega8a-au-smd-5904422329341.html\" target=\"_blank\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">CHECK<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f950cc3\" data-id=\"f950cc3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8dae2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d8dae2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>One of the most common applications <a href=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/22-microcontrollers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><strong>microcontrollers<\/strong> <\/a>is the <strong>control of advanced automated systems<\/strong>. In <strong>industry<\/strong>, microcontrollers control advanced manufacturing processes, increase efficiency and productivity. In <strong>medicine<\/strong>, microcontrollers are the basis for a variety of medical devices, such as insulin pumps and cardiac monitoring devices.<\/p><p>In <strong>telecommunications<\/strong>, microcontrollers enable all sorts of devices, from simple GSM phones to sophisticated telecommunications networks. Such a broad spectrum of applications confirms that microcontrollers are an essential tool in the digital age, multifaceted in their impact on our lives.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d749b52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d749b52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61e3842 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"61e3842\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">News in the microcontroller market<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f11ecb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f11ecb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The variety and sophistication of the new microcontrollers is surprising, and the trends we are currently seeing promise even greater possibilities.<\/p>\n<p>Here is an overview of the most important trends that will dominate the market in the near future:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-size: 16px; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<li style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bolder;\">Miniaturization<\/span> &#8211; microcontrollers are becoming smaller and smaller, allowing them to be widely used in mobile devices;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bolder;\">greater computing power<\/span> &#8211; new microcontroller models offer increasing computing power while maintaining low power consumption, allowing complex tasks to be completed in less time;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bolder;\">wireless communication technologies<\/span> &#8211; today, many microcontrollers integrate technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and NFC, enabling wireless communication;<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bolder;\">Security<\/span> &#8211; in the era of the Internet of Things, both manufacturers and users of microcontrollers are paying increasing attention to security aspects. Many of the new microcontrollers have built-in security mechanisms, such as encrypted connections and anti-virus protection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All these trends are in response to the growing demands of users and the development of technology. Modern microcontrollers allow the implementation of increasingly complex projects, providing the opportunity to create innovative solutions in almost every area of life. The future will certainly bring us even more interesting market innovations in this field.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-946694c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"946694c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Choosing the right microcontroller - what to pay attention to<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0869405 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0869405\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Choosing the right microcontroller can be crucial to the success of your project. The most important criteria to consider are computing power requirements, the amount and type of memory, and compatibility with the chosen programming language.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/botland.store\/22-microcontrollers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-wpel-link=\"internal\"><br \/><strong>Microconrollers <\/strong><\/a>differ in many parameters, and the precise choice of model depends on the specific application. For example, telecommunications-related projects may require high computing power, while home applications can successfully use low-power models. Remember that every project is different &#8211; always carefully analyze your requirements before making a choice.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Explore the world of microcontrollers &#8211; the definition, applications and operation of these small but powerful electronic circuits. Read the whole thing and expand your knowledge!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":83123,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,179,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83536","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-elektronika","category-kompendium","category-programowanie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Microcontrollers - What are they and what are they used for? - Botland<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore the world of microcontrollers - the definition, applications and operation of these small but powerful electronic circuits. 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