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A universal meter, also called a multimeter, is a device used to measure electrical and non-electrical quantities (such as temperature).
What is a multimeter (universal meter)?
Measuring device in the form of
multimeter
is a universal tool designed to make precise measurements of electrical values. Selected models also allow measurement of non-electrical values, such as light intensity and temperature.
Basic
universal meters
allow you to measure voltage and current within a certain range. Advanced models, on the other hand, are designed to measure, among other things. Inductance, capacitance and frequency. Such devices are distinguished by their lightweight and compact design, making them ideal for both stationary and field work. Most models are battery-powered, such as.
9-volt battery
.
Application of multimeters
Universal meter
is an essential measuring device used by electricians, electronics engineers, installers, assemblers and home do-it-yourselfers. The ability to make precise and repeatable measurements of electrical quantities is essential in the diagnosis, repair and servicing of electrical and electronic equipment. In addition, the universal meter is indispensable during prototyping and testing, such as circuits on a
PCB printed circuit board
.
Multimeters are widely used in electronic workshops, vehicle mechanics, repair shops and academic laboratories. They are used wherever there is a need to make quick and accurate measurements of electrical values. Selected models of multimeters allow the measurement of direct current or alternating current, while others are designed to measure both current characteristics.
Additional features of universal meters
Selected multimeters are equipped with additional functions to expand the application of the measuring device. Their number and type depend on the specific manufacturer and model of the universal meter. One of them is the automatic selection of the measurement range. This is a particularly practical addition that eliminates the need for the user to manually adjust the measurement range. This functionality comes in handy, especially when measuring electrical values that are difficult or impossible to determine before measurement. The device automatically adjusts the range, which in practice speeds up the work.
Another function is the circuit continuity test, which allows checking whether there is a break in the circuit being measured. If the circuit is closed, the multimeter emits a continuous beep. In the case of an open circuit, the device does not generate any sound. This function is particularly useful when diagnosing faults in electrical systems. It allows you to quickly and accurately check and locate a faulty circuit.
Other functions of multimeters
Selected universal meters also allow testing of transistors. This type of function is particularly useful when diagnosing devices equipped with transistors. The next function is to record the last indication of the device. In what situations is this option particularly important? First of all, when taking numerous measurements in a short period of time and when it is not possible to save the measured values.
Professional universal meters are equipped with selected functions
digital oscilloscope
. This type of equipment is most often used in electronic workshops. Depending on the specific model, they can be either mains or battery powered. Bandwidth and realistic sampling rate depend on the specific equipment. Such meters are used, among others. For measurements of DC and AC electric motors, transducers and other equipment used, for example, in industry. Other additional features include date hold, LED flashlight, standby status, battery tester, display backlight and battery indicator. In addition, selected models are equipped with an automatic shutdown function, which is activated after a certain period of inactivity. It keeps the meter safe from battery drain.
Which universal meter to choose?
The choice of multimeter depends on the specific application. For people who are just beginning their adventure with electronics, meters that allow the measurement of basic electrical values are completely sufficient. Devices of this type allow to measure current, voltage and resistance within a certain range.
Another important factor in choosing a universal meter is the accuracy of measurements. Devices used for measuring precision circuits, should be distinguished by the lowest possible margin of error. It is worth noting that multimeter manufacturers may quote equipment accuracy separately for selected electrical and non-electrical quantities.
What else to pay special attention to? First of all, on the previously mentioned measurement ranges. The larger they are, the more versatile the device is. Users who plan to use multimeters for high current measurements should focus on models equipped with overload (fuse) protection.
Also noteworthy are universal meters enclosed in a housing that protects them from moisture and dirt. Selected models have IP65 waterproofing certification, which protects not only against dust, dust and splashing, but also against access to hazardous parts by wire.
Universal meter with accessories
The number and type of additional accessories offered with a multimeter depend on the specific manufacturer. Most often, measuring cables, also called probes, are added to the main unit. Selected universal meters are additionally equipped with test leads. Mostly a battery (e.g. 9V 6F22) and an instruction manual are also included.
