Fans in electronic devices - what are their most important technological features?
Among the basic fan designs, the airflow direction concerning the fan axis is distinguished, in this respect, three groups are distinguished: axial, radial and diagonal. In cooling electronic devices, the first type of fans is most often used, in which the airstream flows in the direction of the axis. In this type of application, the fan, the characteristic element of which is a propeller-shaped impeller, is most often placed in a housing with an electric motor integrated with the impeller hub. Such a compact design, with mounting holes on the fan flange, allows it to be installed even in confined spaces. In the case of a compact design, however, there are sometimes spacers connecting the motor housing with the flange. They provide stability, but at the same time constitute an obstacle to the flowing air stream. During operation, the rotor blades sweep the struts, causing pressure surges in their surroundings. It is one of the main sources of noise generated by axial fans. Therefore, at the design stage of such devices, the shape and number of struts are carefully analyzed in terms of their impact on the airflow through the fan.
Other types of fans
Besides the fans typically used in the construction of electronic devices, I also distinguish separate fans that belong to the group of household electrical devices. we are all used to classic fans equipped with a round disc with a large propeller spinning behind it. These are classic fans - the most popular on the market. The cheaper models are mainly made of plastic, and the more expensive ones are made of metal. The performance of these devices can vary widely. It all depends on the engine power and the diameter of the propeller. On the other hand, desk fans are a variation of classic standing fans. Due to their smaller size, they are less efficient, but much more handy. However, one of the most modern constructions is column fans, which are usually at least 50 cm high and do not have a large propeller. Instead, the tower fan is equipped with several smaller propellers attached to a rotating column inside the housing.
The most important technical parameters of fans
One of the most important parameters of the fan is its power, which determines the efficiency of the device. Most devices have a power of 30W to 100W. It is best to choose a fan with a minimum power of 50W. High power also means the longer possibility of continuous operation. Adjusting the speed is also useful - there are days when we just need a gentle breeze, and there are also days when we want to use the maximum power of the fan. Therefore, the standing fan must have a speed regulation. The minimum is three ranges, but the more the better. Another important operating parameter that determines the fan performance is the propeller diameter. Even if the fan is equipped with a powerful motor and the propeller is small, its efficiency may turn out to be too low. A standing home windmill should have a propeller diameter of at least 30 cm. A practical feature is also the oscillation and adjustment of the gondola's angle of inclination - it is very useful when there are several people in the room. This allows the fan to change the direction of the airflow.
