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AVR. Layouts peripherals - Thomas French

Index: KSZ-05035 EAN: 9788324692255

Publisher: Helion. The book is a continuation of the position "AVR. Practical projects". It introduces the advanced world of AVR microcontrollers.

AVR. Layouts peripherals - Thomas French
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Description

Thanks to the connection with peripheralsystems, the microcontrollers can collect, store and process data from their environment. These functions lead to the fact that they are used in devices of daily use. Control, for example, the weather stations, media players, and also work as drivers of heating.

 

The book is intended for people who already have a basic knowledge of AVR microcontrollers but would like to learn more about the various applications of peripheral systems, and also to expand your skills of programming these systems. The book teaches how the external semiconductor memoriesoperate, how to use the converters of ADC and DAC, as well as how to display the picture and play the sound. The position is a continuation of the book "AVR. Practical projects", which is designed for less experienced developers.

The book teaches how:

  • To link the C code and the assembler, and debug the programs
  • To support the interfaces of acces to external memory
  • To create and use file systems
  • To use the converters of ADC and DAC, and comparators
  • To support the alphanumeric and graphical displays
  • To process the audio and video data

 

 

Examples of programsavailable in the internet. Excerpt from the book forreading on-line.

 

 

 

The contents

 

Introduction (9)

  • Equipment (10)
  • Examples (11)
  • Abbreviations of units (12)
 

Chapter 20. We are slowing down - when delays are necessary? (13)

  • Delays and XMEGA (18)
  • Use timers to implement delays (20)
 

Chapter 21. Linking the code C and assembler (23)

  • ABI (25)
  • The key asm word (27)
    • The types of the operands (29)
    • Access to IO ports (30)
    • Access to multibyte data (31)
    • Access to indicators (32)
    • The list of changed registers (32)
    • Multiple usage of the assemblers insert (33)
  • Files .S (34)
    • The use of registers in assembler(34)
    • Assembler's directives (40)
    • Triggering the function of the C language from an assembler (41)
 

Chapter 22.LCD alphanumeric displays (43)

  • Support of alphanumeric displays (45)
    • Library functions (50)
    • Define your own characters (56)
  • Trading support of LCD (58)
    • Optimization (68)
 

Chapter 23. SPI USART and SPI interface (71)

  • Modes of operation of the SPI (74)
  • Configuration of the SPI interface (75)
  • Configuration of the USART in SPI mode (76)
  • Memory DataFLASH (77)
    • Memory organization (77)
    • SPI interface of the memory (79)
    • Access to the memory (81)
    • Commands (81)
    • The registry of the identification of the memory (87)
    • Command of the memory read (88)
    • Commandsof the read and record of the buffer (89)
    • Command of the transfer between the memory and buffer (91)
    • Special registers (94)
  • Trading access to SPI (95)
    • We combine DMA with SPI (96)
    • Callbacks (98)
    • Transactions (103)
  • Power (109)
 

Chapter 24. Create a file system (111)

  • The easiest file system (111)
    • Initialization of the memory (119)
  • The file system of FAT/FAT32 (128)
    • Support for FAT (131)
    • Prototypes with diskio.h (136)
    • Demonstration (139)
    • Library PetitFS (144)
    • Setting the PetitFS (149)
 

Chapter 25. More memory, that is SD, SDHC cards and company (151)

  • A little bit about the construction of the card (152)
  • Modes of the cards' work (153)
  • Power supply of the card (154)
  • Communication (156)
    • SPI work mode (157)
    • Protocol format (157)
    • The differences between cards (160)
    • Card initialization (161)
  • Special registers of card (169)
    • CID (169)
    • CSD (172)
  • Operation of the record and read of the sectors (173)
    • Read operations (173)
    • Record operation (176)
  • Checksum (178)
    • The program (178)
  • Potential problems (179)
  • FATFS on the card (180)
 

Chapter 26. The debugger (183)

  • Setting the debugger (185)
  • Configuring the project for debugging (186)
  • The hardwaredebugger (187)
  • A software debugger (simulator) (190)
    • File of stimulation (191)
  • Traps (197)
    • Tracking points (203)
    • Conditional Traps(205)
  • Viewing the memory (207)
  • Viewing the trigger stack (209)
  • Defining the time of the simulation (209)
  • Window of disassembler (210)
  • The viewing window of variables (211)
    • The formatting chains(212)
  • Macrodefinition of ASSERT (214)
  • Interrupts in debug mode (218)
  • _delay_xx and simulator (219)
 

Chapter 27. Analog-to-digital converter (221)

  • Stream vs cyclic converter(222)
  • Reference voltage (223)
  • Setting the IOpin(225)
  • The input multiplexer (226)
  • System of amplification of the signal (227)
  • What is LSB? (228)
  • Calibration of the ADC (229)
  • Measurement (231)
    • The resolution of the converter (231)
    • The operation modes of the converter (231)
    • The measurement result (236)
    • Offset calibration (237)
    • Measurement of power and temperature of microcontroller (239)
  • The reduction of energy consumption (242)
  • Prescaler ADC (243)
  • triggering the conversion using the event system (245)
    • The EVCTRL register in the XMEGA from ADC with no flow (248)
  • The registry of comparison (249)
    • Thermometer LM35 (250)
    • Build a thermometer with an alarm (251)
  • Mode of continuous conversion (252)
  • Switching the inputs (253)
  • Interrupts (254)
  • The use of DMA for results' transfer (254)
  • Oversampling (258)
    • Averaging (259)
    • Decimation and interpolation (259)
    • Interpolation and decimation in XMEGA (260)
  • How to increase the accuracy of the measurement? (260)
  • We are building a datalogger (261)
 

Chapter 28. Analog comparator (279)

  • Comparator - a bit of theory (279)
    • The propagation time (281)
    • Hysteresis (281)
  • The XMEGA analog comparator (282)
    • Multiplexers of input (283)
    • Window comparator (284)
    • Interrupts (286)
    • The launch of the comparator (287)
    • The registry of the state of the comparator (287)
  • Comparator as an oscillator (287)
  • Thermostat with comparators (290)
    • Thermistors (290)
 

Chapter 29. DAC (293)

  • Outputs' buffering (294)
  • Reference voltage (295)
  • Clock frequency (296)
  • Events (297)
  • The use of DMA (298)
    • 8-bit sampling(300)
    • Dual-channel mode (301)
    • Creating simultaneously two processes (301)
    • Conservative version (304)
    • Other ways to start the conversion (305)
  • The power saving mode (306)
  • Calibration DAC (306)
 

Chapter 30. Monochrome graphic displays (309)

  • Connecting the LCD to the microcontroller (311)
  • The structure and functions of the controller ST7565R (313)
  • Special functions of the controller (319)
    • Inversion and testing the image (319)
    • Image rotation (319)
    • Contrast adjustment (321)
    • The number of the first displayed line (321)
  • Fonts (322)
  • Little optimization (330)
  • Double buffering (332)
    • The address of the start of the image display (333)
  • Menu (335)
    • Menu based on the pictograms (342)
 

Chapter 31. Data files - how to add them to the project? (349)

  • Compilation of the the binary files (350)
  • Linking the object files with the project (352)
  • Access to the binary data (356)
    • The classic way to access the data (358)
    • Data access with the address space usage (359)
 

Chapter 32. Bus of external memory (361)

  • Connection memory (362)
    • Configuration of the IO ports (362)
    • The matching of the EIBinterface signals to the IO port(363)
    • 4-port configuration (364)
    • SRAM (366)
    • The SRAM in the LPC mode (371)
    • Memory of SDRAM (372)
  • Setting signal CS (377)
    • Determination of the base address and memory size (377)
    • The choosing signal control system in the SRAM mode(379)
    • The choosing signal control system in the SDRAM mode (379)
  • A sample configuration of SDRAM (381)
  • Setting of clock (383)
  • Access to the memory using C language (384)
    • Access to memory below 64 KB (384)
    • Access to memory beyond 64 KB (386)
 

Chapter 33. Video creation (391)

  • Creating video in standard VGA (393)
    • The VGA connector and signal conversion (396)
    • Black-and-white text mode VGA (397)
    • Black-and-white graphics mode VGA (407)
  • Generating a composite signal (409)
    • Standard PAL (410)
    • Black-and-white text mode (413)
    • Black-and-white graphics mode (416)
    • Creating the overlays (OSD) (417)
  • Time for color (424)
    • Encoding the color (425)
    • Digital-to-analog converter (426)
    • Generator of the image composite (426)
    • Using the EuroSCART (428)
    • A coloured image for TV (430)
 

Chapter 34. Let the music play(439)

  • Formats of sound files(440)
    • Sampling rate (441)
    • File format (442)
  • Sound processing (443)
    • Program Audacity (443)
    • Program SoX (445)
  • Amplifier (446)
  • Listen to music by using the DAC (447)
    • Another way for double buffering (457)
  • Generating the sound using PWM (461)
    • PWM - a bit of theory (461)
    • Filtering of the PWM signal (468)
    • Play the sound using the 8-bit PWM (472)
    • Extension HiRes and PWM with higher resolution (477)
  • The audio compression (480)
    • The nonlinearsampling (480)
    • Compression ADPCM (482)
    • Compression IMA ADPCM (482)
    • The voice recording using ADPCM compression (486)
    • Algorithm ADPCM from Dialogic (492)
 

Chapter 35. Maybe mp3? (495)

  • Coprocessor mp3 (496)
    • Ways to connect to XMEGA (496)
  • Access to the registers of the chip (499)
  • The format of the wav file (500)
  • GPIOR registers (502)
  • Testing the system (502)
  • Basic connection with coprocessor (504)
  • The registries of the system VS1003B (508)
    • Registry of the work mode (508)
    • The system state registry (510)
    • Registry of the control of the bases (510)
    • Registry of the SCI_CLOCKF (511)
    • The registry of the time of song (512)
    • Registry of the audio format (512)
    • Access to RAM registries (513)
    • The registry of the address of plug-in (513)
    • Registry of volume control (513)
  • Playing the music (513)
    • Playing the music using DMA (518)
  • The digital tape player (528)
    • VS100XX in the role of tape player(529)
  • Your own plug-ins (535)
    • DTMF as an example of your own plug-in (535)
  • We build our own plug-in (541)
    • Creating an array with the result code (543)
    • Plug design (544)
    • Our own application - a DTMF decoder (548)
 

Chapter 36. Fusebits and lockbits (557)

  • Fusebits (558)
    • JTAGEN Fusebit (558)
    • RSTDISBL Fusebit (559)
    • BOOTRST Fusebit (559)
    • SUT Fusebity (559)
    • TOSCSEL Fusebit (559)
    • The system of detection power supply's failure (559)
    • Watchdog (560)
    • EESAVE Fusebit (561)
  • Lockbits (561)
  • The production signature of the processor (563)
    • Series number (563)
    • Number of wafer (563)
    • The situation on the wafer (564)
    • The remaining configuration bytes (564)
  • User's signature (565)
  • Data access from the user's level of application (568)
    • Calibration bytes(569)
  • Configuration of fuse- and lockbits in AVR-libc (570)
    • Lockbits in AVR-libc (570)
    • Fusebits in AVR-libc (571)
 

Appendix a: List of chapters of the book "AVR. Practical projects" (573)

 

Index (575)

Book - Author Tomasz Francuz
Book - ISBN 978-83-246-9225-5
Book - Binding miękka
Book - Publisher Helion
Package width 0.001 cm
Package height 0.001 cm
Package depth 0.001 cm
Package weight 0.001 kg

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