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Pressure sensors
Pressure sensors (also known as strain gauges) are devices that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The process occurs by detecting the pressure force that is exerted on the surface. This force is then converted into an electrical signal (current or voltage). The value of the electrical signal is relatively proportional to the pressure force.
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Principle of operation of pressure sensors
The resistive pressure sensor (FSR) consists of two layers electrically insulated from each other. When a pressure force is applied to the outer layer in the form of a foil membrane, the insulating cover presses against the active layer, which is lined with electrically conductive measurement points. The greater the pressure force, the lower the contact resistance between the measurement points. The conductive layer is connected to a power source with auxiliary voltage, and the voltage signal, which reflects the applied pressure force, can be read, e.g. by Arduino, via an analog-to-digital converter and, based on the program algorithm, converted into the value of the weight exerted on the surface of the load cell. The measurement result can be displayed on the LCD display.
Important tips for installing strain gauges
Flat FSR sensors are made of very delicate material and great care is required when installing them. At the prototyping stage, it is easiest to connect such a sensor to the breadboard directly, or using crocodile clips or an ARK connector with screw terminals. However, if you want to solder the pressure sensor to the PCB, you must ensure that the soldering tip and the soldering surface are clean, because even within a few seconds the layers of the sensor may melt, causing permanent damage.
Frequently Asked Questions / FAQ
The compensating strain gauge is used to measure the pressure force taking into account the influence of external factors, primarily air humidity, temperature and atmospheric pressure.
The correct operation of the strain gauge sensor can be checked by supplying it with the appropriate voltage at nominal load and reading the output voltage value with an electric meter .
The resistance strain gauge uses the phenomenon of changing electrical resistance when changing the dimensions of the resistance material . Such devices are used, for example, to measure stress or pressure, for example in loading systems.